掌握CentOS負載均衡配置，輕鬆實現網站高效運維

提問者：用戶JLQP 發布時間： 2025-05-23 11:14:28 閱讀時間： 3分鐘

最佳答案

引言

在當今的互聯網時代，網站的牢固性跟高效性對企業的運營至關重要。負載均衡技巧是實現這一目標的關鍵手段之一。CentOS作為一款風行的Linux發行版，其富強的牢固性跟豐富的功能使其成為設置負載均衡的幻想抉擇。本文將具體介紹如何在CentOS上設置負載均衡，以實現網站的高效運維。

負載均衡的基本不雅點

負載均衡是一種將收集或利用負載披發到多個效勞器上的技巧，以實現以下目標：

  • 進步體系的可用性跟機能
  • 避免單個效勞器過載
  • 進步用戶拜訪休會

負載均衡平日涉及以下組件：

  • 負載均衡器：擔任披發懇求到後端效勞器
  • 後端效勞器：處理現實懇求的效勞器
  • 監控器：監控後端效勞器的安康狀況

CentOS負載均衡設置步調

以下是在CentOS上設置負載均衡的基本步調：

1. 安裝負載均衡軟件

在CentOS上，常用的負載均衡軟件包含Nginx、HAProxy跟LVS。以下以Nginx為例停止闡明。

# 安裝Nginx
yum install nginx -y

2. 設置負載均衡器

編輯Nginx設置文件，增加反向代辦跟負載均衡設置。

http {
    upstream myapp {
        server backend1.example.com;
        server backend2.example.com;
        server backend3.example.com;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://myapp;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }
}

3. 啟動跟測試負載均衡

# 啟動Nginx
systemctl start nginx

# 測試負載均衡
curl http://yourdomain.com

4. 設置安康檢查

為了確保後端效勞器的安康狀況，可能設置安康檢查。

”`nginx http {

upstream myapp {
    server backend1.example.com;
    server backend2.example.com;
    server backend3.example.com;
    server backend4.example.com backup;
}

server {
    listen 80;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://myapp;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

        # 安康檢查
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-User $remote_user;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $server_name;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded
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